269 lines
9.6 KiB
ReStructuredText
269 lines
9.6 KiB
ReStructuredText
Installation
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============
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We've tried to make installing and running Takahē as easy as possible, but
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an ActivityPub server does have a minimum level of complexity, so you should
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be experienced deploying software in order to run it.
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Note that getting the technology running is arguably the easiest piece of
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running a server - you must also be prepared to support your users, moderate,
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defederate, keep on top of security risks, and know how you will
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handle illegal content.
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Prerequisites
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-------------
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* SSL support (Takahē *requires* HTTPS)
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* Something that can run Docker/OCI images
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* A PostgreSQL 14 (or above) database
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* Hosting/reverse proxy that passes the ``HOST`` header down to Takahē
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* One of these to store uploaded images and media:
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* Amazon S3
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* Google Cloud Storage
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* Writable local directory (must be accessible by all running copies!)
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Note that ActivityPub is a chatty protocol that has a lot of background
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activity, so you will need to run *background tasks*, in order to fetch
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profiles, retry delivery of posts, and more - see "Preparation", below.
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The flagship Takahē instance, `takahe.social <https://takahe.social>`_, runs
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inside of Kubernetes, with one Deployment for the webserver and one for the
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Stator runner.
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All configuration is done via either environment variables, or online through
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the web interface.
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Preparation
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-----------
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You'll need to run two copies of our `Docker image <https://hub.docker.com/r/jointakahe/takahe>`_:
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* One with no extra arguments (command), which will serve web traffic
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* One with the arguments ``python3 manage.py runstator``, which will run the background worker
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These containers will need the ability to write at least 1GB of files out
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to their scratch disks. See the ``TAKAHE_NGINX_CACHE_SIZE`` environment
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variable for more.
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.. note::
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If you cannot run a background worker for some reason, you can instead
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call the URL ``/.stator/?token=abc`` periodically (once a minute or more).
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The token value must be the same as you set in the ``TAKAHE_STATOR_TOKEN``
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environment variable. This pattern is only suitable for very small installs.
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While it is possible to install and run Takahē directly from a directory,
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rather than the Docker image, we don't provide support for that method due to
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the difficulty of getting libraries to all match. Takahē is a standard Django
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project, so if you know what you're doing, go for it - but we won't be able
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to give you support.
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If you are running on Kubernetes, we recommend that you make one Deployment
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for the webserver and one Deployment for the background worker. We also
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recommend that you mount an ``emptyDir`` to the ``/cache/`` path on the
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webserver containers, as this is where the media cache will be stored.
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Environment Variables
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---------------------
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All of these variables are *required* for a working installation, and should
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be provided to the containers from the first boot.
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* ``TAKAHE_DATABASE_SERVER`` should be a database DSN for your database (you can use
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the standard ``PGHOST``, ``PGUSER``, etc. variables instead if you want)
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* ``TAKAHE_SECRET_KEY`` must be a fixed, random value (it's used for internal
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cryptography). Don't change this unless you want to invalidate all sessions.
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.. warning::
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You **must** keep the value of ``TAKAHE_SECRET_KEY`` unique and secret. Anyone
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with this value can modify their session to impersonate any user, including
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admins. It should be kept even more secure than your admin passwords, and
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should be long, random and completely unguessable. We recommend that it is
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at least 64 characters.
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* ``TAKAHE_MEDIA_BACKEND`` must be a URI starting with ``local://``, ``s3://``
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or ``gcs://``. See :ref:`media_configuration` below for more.
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* ``TAKAHE_MAIN_DOMAIN`` should be the domain name (without ``https://``) that
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will be used for default links (such as in emails). It does *not* need to be
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the same as any domain you are hosting user accounts on.
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* ``TAKAHE_EMAIL_SERVER`` should be set to an ``smtp://`` or ``sendgrid://`` URI.
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See :ref:`email_configuration` below for more.
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* ``TAKAHE_EMAIL_FROM`` is the email address that emails from the system will
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appear to come from.
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* ``TAKAHE_AUTO_ADMIN_EMAIL`` should be an email address that you would like to
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be automatically promoted to administrator when it signs up. You only need
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this for initial setup, and can unset it after that if you like.
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* If you don't want to run Stator as a background process but as a view,
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set ``TAKAHE_STATOR_TOKEN`` to a random string that you are using to
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protect it; you'll use this when setting up the URL to be called.
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* If your installation is behind a HTTPS endpoint that is proxying it, set
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``TAKAHE_USE_PROXY_HEADERS`` to ``true``. (The HTTPS proxy header must be called
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``X-Forwarded-Proto``).
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* If you want to receive emails about internal site errors, set
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``TAKAHE_ERROR_EMAILS`` to a valid JSON list of emails, such as
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``["andrew@aeracode.org"]`` (if you're doing this via shell, be careful
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about escaping!)
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There are some other, optional variables you can tweak once the
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system is up and working - see :doc:`tuning` for more.
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.. _media_configuration:
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Media Configuration
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Takahē needs somewhere to store uploaded post attachments, profile images
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and more ("media"). We support Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage and a local
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directory, but we recommend against the local directory unless you know what
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you're doing - media must be accessible from every running container in a
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read-write mode, and this is hard to do with a directory as you scale.
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Support for CDN configuration for media is coming soon.
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Amazon S3
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#########
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To use S3, provide a URL in one of these forms:
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* ``s3:///bucket-name``
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* ``s3://endpoint-url/bucket-name``
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* ``s3://access-key:secret-key@endpoint-url/bucket-name``
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If you omit the keys or the endpoint URL, then Takahē will try to use implicit
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authentication for them.
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Your S3 bucket *must* be set to allow publically-readable files, as Takahē will
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set all files it uploads to be ``public-read``. We randomise uploaded file
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names to prevent enumeration attacks.
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Google Cloud Storage
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####################
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To use GCS, provide a URL like:
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* ``gs:///bucket-name``
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The GCS backend currently only supports implicit authentication (from the
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standard Google authentication environment variables, or machine roles).
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Your bucket must be set to world-readable and have individual object
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permissions disabled.
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Local Directory
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###############
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To use a local directory, specify the media URL as ``local://``.
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You must then also specify:
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* ``TAKAHE_MEDIA_ROOT``, the file path to the local media Directory
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* ``TAKAHE_MEDIA_URL``, a fully-qualified URL prefix that serves that directory
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The media directory must be read-write accessible from every single container
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of Takahē - webserver and workers alike.
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.. _email_configuration:
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Email Configuration
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Takahē requires an email server in order to send password reset and other
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account emails. We support either explicit SMTP, or auto-configuration of SMTP
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for SendGrid.
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SMTP
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Provide a URL in the form ``smtp://username:password@host:port/``
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If you are using TLS, add ``?tls=true`` to the end. If you are using
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SSL, add ``?ssl=true`` to the end.
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If your username and password have URL-unsafe characters in them, you can
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URLencode them. For example, if I had to use the username ``someone@example.com``
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with the password ``my:password``, it would be represented as::
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smtp://someone%40example.com:my%3Apassword@smtp.example.com:25/
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SendGrid
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########
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If you are using SendGrid, Takahē will auto-configure the SMTP settings for you.
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Simply set the email server to ``sendgrid://api-key``.
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Database
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--------
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Takahē requires a PostgreSQL database at version 14 or above in order to work
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properly. You should create a database within your PostgreSQL server, with its
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own username and password, and provide Takahē with those credentials via
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``TAKAHE_DATABASE_SERVER`` (see above). It will make its own tables and indexes.
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You will have to run ``python3 manage.py migrate`` when you first install Takahē in
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order to create the database tables; how you do this is up to you.
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We recommend one of:
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* Shell/Exec into a running container (such as the webserver) and run it there.
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* Launch a separate container as a one-off with ``python3 manage.py migrate`` as its arguments/command. If you are using Kubernetes, you should use a Job (or a one-off Pod) for this rather than a Deployment
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You will also have to run this for minor version releases when new migrations
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are present; the release notes for each release will tell you if one is.
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Making An Admin Account
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-----------------------
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Once the webserver is up and working, go to the "create account" flow and
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create a new account using the email you specified in
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``TAKAHE_AUTO_ADMIN_EMAIL``.
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Once you set your password using the link emailed to you, you will have an
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admin account.
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If your email settings have a problem and you don't get the email, don't worry;
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fix them and then follow the "reset my password" flow on the login screen, and
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you'll get another password reset email that you can use.
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If you have shell access to the Docker image and would rather use that, you
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can run ``python3 manage.py createsuperuser`` instead and follow the prompts.
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Adding A Domain
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---------------
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When you login you'll be greeted with the "make an identity" screen, but you
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won't be able to as you will have no domains yet.
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You should select the "Domains" link in the sidebar and create one, and then
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you will be able to make your first identity.
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Tuning and Scaling
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------------------
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See :doc:`/tuning` for all the things you should tweak as your server gains
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users. We recommend setting up caches early on!
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